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Question:
Which best defines partial pressure in a mixture of gases?pressure that is exerted by all the gases of a mixture on the container
pressure that is exerted by one gas as if it occupied a container by itself
half of the pressure that is exerted by the gases of a mixture on the container
sum of the individual pressures that are exerted by two or more gases
Answer:
Considering the Dalton’s partial pressure, the correct answer is the second option: “pressure that is exerted by one gas as if it occupied a container by itself” defines partial pressure in a mixture of gases.
Dalton’s law
The pressure exerted by a particular gas in a mixture is known as its partial pressure.
So, Dalton’s law states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the pressures that each gas would exert if it were alone:
where n is the amount of gases present in the mixture.
This relationship is due to the assumption that there are no attractive forces between the gases.
Dalton’s partial pressure law can also be expressed in terms of the mole fraction of the gas in the mixture. The mole fraction is a dimensionless quantity that expresses the ratio of the number of moles of a component to the number of moles of all the components present.
So in a mixture of two or more gases, the partial pressure of gas A can be expressed as:
In summary, the correct answer is the second option: “pressure that is exerted by one gas as if it occupied a container by itself” defines partial pressure in a mixture of gases.
Learn more about Dalton’s partial pressure:
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